Glucophage / Metformin / Glumetza (generic name: metformin) is an oral medication commonly prescribed to manage type 2 diabetes. It belongs to a class of drugs known as biguanides and plays a key role in controlling blood glucose levels by enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing glucose production in the liver. By helping patients maintain stable blood sugar levels, Metformin assists in lowering the risk of complications associated with diabetes, such as cardiovascular disease and neuropathy. This medication is often recommended as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, especially in individuals for whom lifestyle adjustments alone do not sufficiently control blood sugar levels. Metformin is considered effective for long-term use due to its established safety profile and its non-reliance on stimulating insulin release, which reduces the likelihood of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s diabetes resources provide more detailed information on living with diabetes, its effects, and diabetes management.

Dosage

It is essential to follow the prescribed regimen closely and avoid dose adjustments unless advised by a qualified healthcare provider. Metformin is available in tablet form and is typically taken one to three times daily with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. The exact dosage varies based on individual blood glucose levels and healthcare provider recommendations. If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible unless it’s almost time for the next dose; do not double up to make up for a missed dose.

Storage

Metformin tablets should be stored at room temperature, generally between 20-25°C (68-77°F). Keep the medication in its original container, away from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight. Ensure that Metformin is stored out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion. For more information, read our article on drug storage.

Common Questions About Metformin

How does Metformin work in the body?

Metformin reduces glucose production in the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity, helping to regulate blood sugar levels without directly stimulating insulin production. This action is beneficial for type 2 diabetes management, as it minimizes the risk of low blood sugar events.

How soon can I expect to see results from Metformin?

Metformin typically begins to improve blood sugar control within a few days of starting, but full benefits may take up to two weeks as the body adjusts. Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels will help track its effectiveness.

Are there non-diabetes conditions that Metformin can treat?

Metformin is sometimes prescribed off-label for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as it can improve insulin sensitivity and regulate menstrual cycles, though this is not an FDA-approved use.