Apokyn ^*

Apokyn® is a prescription injectable formulation of apomorphine hydrochloride, a non-ergoline dopamine agonist indicated for the acute, intermittent treatment of “off” episodes in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease. “Off” episodes occur when the effects of oral levodopa wear off, leading to a sudden return of motor symptoms such as bradykinesia (slowness of movement), rigidity, tremor, and impaired mobility. Administered as a subcutaneous injection, Apokyn begins working rapidly—typically within 10 to 20 minutes—and provides temporary improvement in motor function, with effects lasting approximately 60 to 90 minutes. Unlike levodopa, which depends on dopamine production pathways, apomorphine works by directly stimulating dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the brain, bypassing degenerating dopaminergic neurons. Apokyn is intended for as-needed use to rescue patients from unpredictable or severe “off” periods. Due to the risk of significant nausea and vomiting, patients are often pretreated with an antiemetic (excluding 5-HT3 antagonists, which are contraindicated). Other potential adverse effects include orthostatic hypotension, somnolence, hallucinations, and injection site reactions. Apokyn is supplied as a multi-dose cartridge for use with a dedicated injection pen and is typically initiated under medical supervision to determine appropriate dosing and monitor for blood pressure changes.